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Banu Qurayza Mosaic Penalty

Answered by
Shaykh Gibril Haddad

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How do we explain the incident of the massacre of the Banu Qurayzah tribe to non-Muslims? I know a non-Muslim who seems to be interested in Islam but has a big problem with the massacre that is supposed to have occurred and says himself that it seems out of character for the Prophet (saw).

Wa `alaykum as-Salam:

The Banu Qurayza committed high treason by breaking their oath of alliance with the Muslims and turning against them in time of war. When the battle against them was over, the Prophet, upon him peace, searched for an arbiter known and accepted to both sides who would rule concerning their penalty. The arbiter chosen was Sa`d ibn Mu`adh, who had been mortally wounded and died shortly afterwards. Sa`d said: "I will judge them according to the Law of Musa." He was of the tribe of Aws, who were the allies of the Jewish Banu Qurayza, the men who were executed. They assented to whatever verdict he would give as a leader from Aws.

Ibn Kathir in al-Bidaya mentions that the number of the men executed after the 25-day siege were 400, and that another version says 700. Someone said that the decision was probably taken by Sa`d ibn Mu`adh in light of Deuteronomy 20:12-14.

Hajj Gibril

This answer was published by SunniPath and is preserved as written. Rulings can depend on circumstances; for your own situation, consult a qualified scholar.

Originally published by SunniPath (sunnipath.com).

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