Charging an agent to divorce for one
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Question
I authorized my father to divorce my wife for me, though I did not tell him how many pronouncements of divorce to make. I was very surprised when I found out that he made three pronouncements. Is the divorce valid and could I take her back?
Answer
If someone authorizes another person to divorce his wife for him but does specify the number of divorces that should be issued, then the agent is only authorized to pronounce a single divorce.
So if the agent makes three pronouncements of divorce, only one of them counts and the rest have no effect.
Ibn Hajar said in the Tuhfa (Section: Authorizing Someone Else to Divorce on One's Behalf), "... Consequently, if one says to a man, 'Divorce my wife,' without specifying the number of times he should divorce her, and the agent pronounces three divorces, then only a single divorce is effected." (Tuhfat al-Muhtaj, 8/26)
السؤال: وكَّلتُ والدي في أن يطلق زوجتي ولم أذكر له عدد الطلاق، فتفاجأتُ أنه طلقها ثلاثَ طلقات فهل يصح ذلك، وليس لي مراجعتها؟
الجواب: مَن وكّل غيره في تطليق امرأته وأطلق فلم يبين عددَ ما يطلقها؛ فلا يقع بتطليق الوكيل إلا طلقةٌ واحدةٌ، فلو طلق الوكيل حينئذٍ ثلاثاً وقعت واحدةٌ ولغت الثنتان الزائدتان عليها. قال العلامةُ ابنُ حجر في "التحفة" في فصل تفويض الطلاق (8/26):" ومِنْ ثَمَّ لو قال لرجل: طلق زوجتي, وأطلق، فطَلَّق الوكيلُ ثلاثاً؛ لم يقع إلا واحدة ". اهـ
This answer was published by SunniPath and is preserved as written. Rulings can depend on circumstances; for your own situation, consult a qualified scholar.
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